Md. Jalal Uddin Ahmed Chowdhury :
Human Resource Department, one of the most important parts of any organization, often needs to recruit people to run the organization. This recruitment can be made using different types of mediums. Medium is a way of communicating information and ideas, especially to a large number of people, for example newspapers or television. Generally there are four types of medium. They are namely: written, verbal, nonverbal and visual. Along with all these communication mediums, there are also two other types of medium – Physical media and Mechanical media. All these mediums can be used by the HR division for the recruitment purpose. The use of these mediums should be made intelligently by keeping the nature of recruitment in mind. Sharing of detailed and necessary information is also necessary to avoid any incident of misleading the target people. Different mediums have different levels of appeals to different groups of people. Not one single medium should work for all kinds of target people. So the use of mediums and the use of proper language are important for the right recruitment process. All the mediums have both some positive and negative aspects. The HR division should try to avoid the negative aspects and to utilize the positive aspects so that use of mediums can be counted as a blessing for them, not as a curse. One very important thing to remember for the HR managers is that the trend of medium always changes. So they have to keep themselves open to adapt any change that may take place in the media.
Among all the activities of Human Resource Development of any organization, recruitment is one the most important one. Through the recruitment process the HR makes sure that the right candidates are being recruited and selected. Employees are the most important aspects of any organization since they control the key of both success and failure of any organization. The HR division has wide range of communication mediums to attract new candidates. The mediums need to be used timely and wisely to avoid any wastage of time and effort.
Communication is the activity of conveying information through the exchange of ideas, feelings, intentions, attitudes, expectations, perceptions or commands, as by speech, gestures, writings, behavior and possibly by other means such as electromagnetic, chemical or physical phenomena. It is the meaningful exchange of information between two or more participants.
Communication can occur through a written medium. This medium includes newspapers, magazines, brochures, letters, cards and notes. Print media is not confined to words physically printed on paper but may include emails, text messages and online articles. This type of communication can be used to advertise, talk to another individual or to the general public. Print mediums are considered nonverbal communications.
Verbal communication is the oldest and most studied form of communication. This form of communication includes the spoken word. Verbal communication mediums include conversations, speeches, telephone calls, commercials and movies. In order for verbal communication mediums to be effective, the person or group using verbal communication must speak the same language as the audience. Without speaking the same language, meaning is lost without being able to understand what is being said.
Nonverbal communication mediums appeal to the five senses to get a message across. Examples of nonverbal communication mediums are dance, sign language, symbolism and music without lyrics. Nonverbal communication also can be conveyed through body language, tone of voice, demeanor, actions and facial expressions. It is believed that between 65 percent and 90 percent of human communication is done through body language and facial expressions. The effectiveness of different types of nonverbal mediums to communicate depend on culture and circumstance as well as any verbal communication that is associated with it.
Communication can be conveyed through visual means. Mediums that classify as visual include three different types of signs. The first type of sign is an icon. Icons closely resemble the person or thing they symbolize. Examples of icons are photographs or maps in relation to a person or area of land. Another sign is known as an index, which is a sign that represents something through a causal relationship — like smoke is to fire. The most well-known sign is known as a symbol. Symbols must be learned because they represent something without any relationship to the item being represented. An example of this is a yellow triangle meaning yield.
Communication medium can also be classified into the following two broad categories:
1. Physical media
2. Mechanical media
1. Physical media
· Large meetings, town hall meetings
· Department meetings (weekly meetings)
· Up close and personal (exclusive meetings)
· Video conferences
· Viral communication or word of mouth
2. Mechanical media
· E-mail
· Weekly letters or newsletters
· Personal letters
· Billboards
· Intranet
· Magazines or papers
· SMS
· Social media
A Recruitment Process is an organization-specific model of how the sourcing of new employees is undertaken. Typically the ownership of the recruitment process resides within the Human Resources function, although again this may differ depending on the specific organizational structure.
A recruitment process can be broken down into several parts. Whilst the naming and exact process steps are unique to an organization, a typical recruiting process may commence with the identification of a vacancy, then the preparation of a job description, database sourcing, role marketing, response management, short-listing, interviews, reference checking, and selection. The recruitment process itself is the focus of BPO (Business Process Outsourcing) approaches such as recruitment process outsourcing, where an external service provider is engaged to deliver the process.
Recruitment can also be referred as the process of finding and hiring the best-qualified candidate (from within or outside of an organization) for a job opening, in a timely and cost effective manner. The recruitment process includes analyzing the requirements of a job, attracting employees to that job, screening and selecting applicants, hiring, and integrating the new employee to the organization.
Types of Recruitment:
Recruitment is of 2 types · Internal Recruitment· External Recruitment1. Internal Recruitment – is a recruitment which takes place within the concern or organization. Internal sources of recruitment are readily available to an organization. Internal sources are primarily three – Transfers, promotions and Re-employment of ex-employees. Re-employment of ex-employees is one of the internal sources of recruitment in which employees can be invited and appointed to fill vacancies in the concern. There are situations when ex-employees provide unsolicited applications also.Internal recruitment may lead to increase in employee’s productivity as their motivation level increases. It also saves time, money and efforts. But a drawback of internal recruitment is that it refrain the organization from new blood. Also, not all the manpower requirements can be met through internal recruitment. Hiring from outside has to be done.
Internal sources are primarily 3 types:
a. Transfers
b. Promotions (through Internal Job Postings) and
c. Re-employment of ex-employees – Re-employment of ex-employees is one of the internal sources of recruitment in which employees can be invited and appointed to fill vacancies in the concern. There are situations when ex-employees provide unsolicited applications also.
2. External Recruitment – External sources of recruitment have to be solicited from outside the organization. External sources are external to a concern. But it involves lot of time and money. The external sources of recruitment include – Employment at factory gate, advertisements, employment exchanges, employment agencies, educational institutes, labor contractors, recommendations etc.
a. Employment at Factory Level – This a source of external recruitment in which the applications for vacancies are presented on bulletin boards outside the Factory or at the Gate. This kind of recruitment is applicable generally where factory workers are to be appointed. There are people who keep on soliciting jobs from one place to another. These applicants are called as unsolicited applicants. These types of workers apply on their own for their job. For this kind of recruitment workers have a tendency to shift from one factory to another and therefore they are called as “badli” workers.
b. Advertisement – It is an external source which has got an important place in recruitment procedure. The biggest advantage of advertisement is that it covers a wide area of market and scattered applicants can get information from advertisements. Medium used is Newspapers and Television.
c. Employment Exchanges – There are certain Employment exchanges which are run by government. Most of the government undertakings and concerns employ people through such exchanges. Now-a-days recruitment in government agencies has become compulsory through employment exchange.
d. Employment Agencies – There are certain professional organizations which look towards recruitment and employment of people, i.e. these private agencies run by private individuals supply required manpower to needy concerns.
e. Educational Institutions – There are certain professional Institutions which serve as an external source for recruiting fresh graduates from these institutes. This kind of recruitment done through such educational institutions is called as Campus Recruitment. They have special recruitment cells which help in providing jobs to fresh candidates.
(To be continued)
