Gazi Md. Abdur Rashid :
The word participatory comes from participation, which refers to the action of taking part in activities and projects, the act of sharing in the activities of a?group. The process of participation fosters mutual learning. The participatory learning strategy has its theoretical basis in the behaviorism as well as in cognitive and social psychology. Collaboration is a?useful tool used within participatory culture as a?desired educational outcome. The Partnership for twenty-first century Skills, for example, defines collaboration as working effectively and respectfully with diverse teams, exercising flexibility and a?willingness to make compromises to accomplish a?common goal, and assuming shared responsibility for collaborative work while valuing individual contributions.
Student-centered learning is an approach that involves an active learning style and the integration of learning programs according to the students own learning rhythm. The student must be involved and accountable for the progress he has made in terms his own education. Among the teaching-learning methods are those through which students work productively with each other, develop collaborative skills and mutual help. They can have a tremendous impact on pupils due to their names, playability, and provide children’s learning alternatives. In order to develop critical thinking in pupils, we must use, above all, some active-participative strategies, creative. They must not be broken by traditional ones; they mark a higher level in the spiral of the modernization of didactic strategies.
The Functions of Teaching Methods
· The formative-educational function aims at realizing in practice the formative-educational valences of the educational process, especially the active-participatory methods.
· Cognitive function, through which the child has access, under the supervision of the teacher, to the values of human knowledge.
· The motivational function, which aims at awakening and developing curiosity in the process of knowledge.
· The instrumental or operational function suggests that the method mediates the achievement of the objectives pursued.
· The normative function of optimizing the action by which, by subordinating the action, the method guarantees to some extent an efficient action, it shows how to proceed in certain concrete situations. The main direction of the restructuring of the didactic methodology is the focus on the heuristic, activism and creativity of the teaching methods. In organizing a child-centered education, the teacher becomes a co-participant alongside the pupil in the activities carried out. He accompanies and places the child on the road to knowledge.
The implementation of these modern teaching tools implies a cumulus of qualities and availability from the teacher: receptivity to the new, adaptation of the didactic style, mobilization, self-refinement, reflexive and modern thinking, and creativity, intelligence to accept the new and great flexibility in conceptions
The Characteristics of Modern participatory teaching learning Methods
· This method is attractive and effective
· Stimulates active involvement in the teaching task; Stimulates the initiative
· Ensures better implementation of knowledge, skills, attitudes and after all abilities
· Provides an interactive approach to teaching-learning-evaluation
· Capitalizes and stimulates the creative potential, the originality of children;-Act on students’ critical thinking
· Students become responsible for solving tasks
· Promote cooperative learning
· Children learn to justify their actions
Teaches students to communicate with each other and listen to the opinions of others. In
schools, interactivity is an important component of the educational act, and it assumes a learning through communication, through collaboration, generating a rain of ideas and opinions.
Teaching skill-Analytical & reasoning skill, Ability to realize & correct mistakes, Turn taking ability, Comprehension, Questioning, Knowledge dissemination, Information transfer, Cheerful & cooperative, Pacing the lessons, Moderation, Diagnostic skill, Remediation, Relational, Evaluation
Participatory Teaching Learning Strategies-Brain storming, Presentation, Socratic method, Case study method, Small scale research, Survey methods, Projects & term papers
Methods-Seminars, Term paper presentation, Brain storming, Brain writing, Panel discussion, Mock viva, Market survey.
Participatory teaching learning skills-Silence, Explaining & illustrating, Example-giving, Effective use of classroom management , Encouraging learners’ discussion, Parliamentary methods/ words, Cheerful & lively, Learning to question, Responding to queries, Moderation, Behavior modification, Effective classroom management
Benefits of participatory teaching learning system-Active Listening, Positive Interaction, Recall of content/ Recollection of the process, Defining the concept, Simulation, Micro-teaching, Appreciation of Teaching skills & techniques, Immediate Evaluation, Constructive criticism, Transparency.
(Gazi Md. Abdur Rashid
Research Officer, District Education Office Secondary and Higher Education, Munshiganj.)
