Geography :
Location: Middle East, bordering the Oman Sea, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea, between Iraq and Pakistan.
Area: 1,648,195 sq km
Country comparison to the world: 18
Border countries: Afghanistan 936 km, Armenia 35 km, Azerbaijan 432 km, Nakhchivan exclave under Azerbaijan 179 km, Iraq 1,458 km, Pakistan 909 km, Turkey 499 km, Turkmenistan 992 km
Climate: arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast
People:
Ethnic groups: Persian, Kurd, Arab, Turkmen, Baloch, Azeri
Official Language: Persian
Religions: Muslim 99%, other (Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian and etc) 1%
Population: 78,149,669 (2014)
Male: 39,405,669
Female: 38,744,000
Birth Rate: 1.7%
Life expectancy:
Men: 72.1 (years)
Women: 74.6 (years)
Education expenditures:
4.7% of GDP (2013)
Literacy: 90.2 (10-49 years old)
Capital: Tehran
Administrative divisions: 31 provinces
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Economy:
Natural resources: Petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead, manganese, zinc, sulfur
GDP (purchasing power parity): $990.8 billion (2013)
GDP (official exchange rate): $429.7 billion (2013)
GDP per capita (PPP): $12,667 (2013)
GDP composition by sector:
Agriculture: 10.3%
Industry: 40.2%
Services: 49.5%
Budget (2015): $ 297 billion.
Agricultural products: wheat, rice, other grains, sugar beets, sugarcane, fruits, nuts, cotton, dairy products, wool, caviar.
Industries: petroleum, petrochemicals, fertilizers, caustic soda, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food processing (particularly sugar refining and vegetable oil production), ferrous and non-ferrous metal fabrication, armaments.
Exports: $98.5 billion (2013)
Exports commodities: petroleum, chemical and petrochemical products, fruits and nuts, carpets.
Export partners: China, United Arab Emirates,Iraq, Japan, Turkey, India, South Korea, Italy, Russia.
Imports: $53.41 billion (2013)
Import commodities: industrial supplies, capital goods, foodstuffs and other consumer goods, technical services.
Import partners: UAE, China, South Korea, Germany, Turkey (2013)
Fiscal year:
21 March – 20 March
Energy:
Electricity: 65,000 Megawatt (Installed Capacity)
Share of renewable Energy: 7800 Megawatt (12% in 2012)
Electricity Coverage: 95% of total households
Electricity exports: 6000 Megawatt
Crude oil production: 2/7 million b/day
Natural gas production: 146.1 billion cu m
Natural gas reserves: 33.07 trillion cubic meters (First in the world)
Telephones lines:
Land lines: 27.767 million
Mobile: 56.043 million
Transportation:
Airports: 324
Railways: 10000 km
Roadways: 172,927 km
Location: Middle East, bordering the Oman Sea, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea, between Iraq and Pakistan.
Area: 1,648,195 sq km
Country comparison to the world: 18
Border countries: Afghanistan 936 km, Armenia 35 km, Azerbaijan 432 km, Nakhchivan exclave under Azerbaijan 179 km, Iraq 1,458 km, Pakistan 909 km, Turkey 499 km, Turkmenistan 992 km
Climate: arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast
People:
Ethnic groups: Persian, Kurd, Arab, Turkmen, Baloch, Azeri
Official Language: Persian
Religions: Muslim 99%, other (Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian and etc) 1%
Population: 78,149,669 (2014)
Male: 39,405,669
Female: 38,744,000
Birth Rate: 1.7%
Life expectancy:
Men: 72.1 (years)
Women: 74.6 (years)
Education expenditures:
4.7% of GDP (2013)
Literacy: 90.2 (10-49 years old)
Capital: Tehran
Administrative divisions: 31 provinces
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Economy:
Natural resources: Petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead, manganese, zinc, sulfur
GDP (purchasing power parity): $990.8 billion (2013)
GDP (official exchange rate): $429.7 billion (2013)
GDP per capita (PPP): $12,667 (2013)
GDP composition by sector:
Agriculture: 10.3%
Industry: 40.2%
Services: 49.5%
Budget (2015): $ 297 billion.
Agricultural products: wheat, rice, other grains, sugar beets, sugarcane, fruits, nuts, cotton, dairy products, wool, caviar.
Industries: petroleum, petrochemicals, fertilizers, caustic soda, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food processing (particularly sugar refining and vegetable oil production), ferrous and non-ferrous metal fabrication, armaments.
Exports: $98.5 billion (2013)
Exports commodities: petroleum, chemical and petrochemical products, fruits and nuts, carpets.
Export partners: China, United Arab Emirates,Iraq, Japan, Turkey, India, South Korea, Italy, Russia.
Imports: $53.41 billion (2013)
Import commodities: industrial supplies, capital goods, foodstuffs and other consumer goods, technical services.
Import partners: UAE, China, South Korea, Germany, Turkey (2013)
Fiscal year:
21 March – 20 March
Energy:
Electricity: 65,000 Megawatt (Installed Capacity)
Share of renewable Energy: 7800 Megawatt (12% in 2012)
Electricity Coverage: 95% of total households
Electricity exports: 6000 Megawatt
Crude oil production: 2/7 million b/day
Natural gas production: 146.1 billion cu m
Natural gas reserves: 33.07 trillion cubic meters (First in the world)
Telephones lines:
Land lines: 27.767 million
Mobile: 56.043 million
Transportation:
Airports: 324
Railways: 10000 km
Roadways: 172,927 km
